Software implemented fault injections

Comparison of physical and softwareimplemented fault injection. Therefore, an important aspect of any software component is how resilient it is to faults. Software implemented transient fault detection in space computer. The trigger can be of two types, time based triggers and interrupt based triggers. With this knowledge, the number of fault injections, a major concern in simulationbased fault injection, can be significantly reduced. They should produce identicalthe sorted array elements if there is no software implemented fault injection technique applied. Survey on fault tolerance and residual software fault of. Cpatrol cpatrolisa codeinsertiontoolthatcanassist developers in the placement of software probes that are used. Fault injections can be used to cause a malfunction in the targets systemonchip soc and, when the malfunction is controlled properly, can be used by an attacker to take full control of the device. An open and versatile fault injection framework for the assessment of software implemented hardware fault tolerance horst schirmeier y, martin hoffmann z, christian dietrich, michael lenzy, daniel lohmannz, and olaf spinczyk. With the rise of software complexity, software related accidents represent a significant threat for computerbased systems. The paper deals with the problem of checking system fault susceptibility in simulation experiments.

Nov 05, 20 described in this presentation is the design and implementation of a software implemented fault injection tool, which can be used to perform robustness testing on application software components in embedded systems based on the autosar standard architecture. Software implemented fault injection swifi is a wellestablished technique for fault injection, but with a significant drawback for realtime systems. The framework consists of hooks that are inserted into the autosar codebase and implemented in a separate software implemented fault injection swifi module. The contrast between the hardware and software methods lies mainly in the fault injection points they can access, the cost and the level of perturbation. Softwareimplemented hardware fault tolerance request pdf. Runtime injections it makes use of software trigger to inject a fault into a software system during run time. Implementation of fpga based fault injection tool fito. Our current work on chameleon is an effort at building one such system. This tool is a software implemented fault injection platform that empowers users with the ability of performing advanced and effective system validation, evaluation and testing of mission and business critical software systems through the use of a fault injection technique software implemented fault injection swifi. The logic for the hardware fault injection circuitry is implemented using field programmable gate arrays, and the software is an extension of ferrari, the software based fault injection system. Software implemented fault injection for autosar based. Workflow and design llfi is a fault injection tool that works at the llvm compilers ir level, and allows faultinjections to be performed at speci. A trend favoring the injection of errors through the software layer for simulating physical faults. Assessing dependability with software fault injection.

Balasubramanian anna university, chennai abstract this paper aims to study the fault injection involving the deliberate insertion of. Experimental evaluation of softwareimplemented fault. The first one improves the accuracy of software implemented fault injection experiments. A systematic and quantitative approach is using fault injection to guide the design and implementation of fault tolerance systems.

Software implemented fault injection swifi is an established experimental technique to evaluate the robustness of software systems. This paper presents the modifi model implemented fault injection tool. These changes can be implemented by making modifications or mutations to the existing code, such as altering a line of code. A software implemented fault injection in which faults were injected into the memory area was used based on the assumption that all. Compiletime injection is a technique in which testers change the source code to simulate faults in the software system. While a large number of swifi frameworks exist, virtually all. The two experimental approaches were used to analyse the software fault by fault injection. Comparison of physical and softwareimplemented fault. Fault injection is a testing technique used in computer systems to test both hardware and software. Fault injection techniques and tools electrical and computer. Softwareimplemented fault injection in operating system.

These studies showed that some fault injection techni. Softwareimplemented fault injection how is softwareimplemented fault injection abbreviated. A comparison of simulation based and scan chain implemented. This paper presents a new software implemented fault injection and monitoring environment, called xception, which is targeted for the modern and complex processors. Softwareimplemented fault injection swifi techniques enable fault injection to be performed by software. An analysis of the results has been performed on a large set of mutexes, in order to evaluate their criticality, in particular during inputoutput operations. The concept of using software implemented fault injection swifi for. Presents our experience in developing a methodology and tool at the jet propulsion laboratory jpl for softwareimplemented fault injection swifi into a. A softwareimplemented fault injection toolkit for dependency. Faults can be injected via a number of physical methods and triggers can be implemented in different ways. Software implemented fault inserters sciencedirect.

Furthermore, software based fault injection can be classified as software implemented fault injections and simulation based fault injections. Software implemented transient fault detection in space. Fault injection in software engineering geeksforgeeks. Analyzing the fault injection sensitivity of secure embedded. Compiletime injection is an injection technique where source code is modified to inject simulated faults into a system. For safety analyses during modelbased development, fault injection mechanisms can be added directly into models of hardware, models of software or models of systems. Various fault injection implementation strategies with different characteristics exist. These software implemented techniquesare more flexible and costeffective, and hardware designers are increasinglyrelying on such software techniques to handle the errors that are exposed tothe software at low cost 28, 34, 39.

Lecture dependable systems practical report software implemented fault injection paul r omer frank zschockelt july 31, 2010 1. Softwareimplemented fault injection at firmware level. Evaluation of effectiveness of faulttolerant techniques in a. The second one offers detailed insights into the system dynamics in the presence of faults. Introduction software implemented fault injection swifi is commonly used for evaluating and characterizing system dependability features24, 9, 17, 10. Experiences with a canoebased fault injection framework. Can software implemented faultinjection be used on realtime. Finally, the comparator component compares the sorted arrays and indicates an output flag 1 if comparison matches or 0 if comparison mismatches. Traditional hardware fault injection cpu adaptation module fault injection elements hardware implemented fault injection e. Im trying to think of a moviemovie scene and all i can remember is a kid that is saying our lord in heaven, hallowed be thy name. Combining the advantage of software fault injection with the particularity of onboard system, a software implemented fault injection model and its implementations are put forward, which can be. Three physical techniques and one software implemented technique that have been used to assess the fault tolerance features of the mars fault tolerant distributed realtime system are compared and. The framework uses software implemented techniques in a simulated execution environment, namely, vector canoe. Research question the objective of this masters thesis is to identify interception points in the autosar architecture, which could be suitable for injecting faults by using software implemented fault injection swifi.

This approach is denoted by the authors as model implemented fault injection. With this knowledge, the number of fault injections, a major concern in simulationbased fault injection. This paper presents the modifi modelimplemented fault injection tool. Study and development of a software implemented fault. In software implemented fault injection swifi, software is used to mimic hardware or software faults in a prototype. An intermediate codelevel fault injection tool for. Fault injections fault injection campaigns where performed according to the above described methodology. From single to simultaneous software fault injections. The thesis analyses the autosar standard in order to identify mechanisms, which can be used at runtime in order to inject faults. Web service based software implemented fault injection. Pdf comparison of physical and softwareimplemented fault. The use of the microprocessor fault sensitivity model to guide the attack leads to an order of magnitude fewer fault injections compared to a traditional, blind fault injection method.

Analysis of defect issues fault injection in software business application development dr. Software implemented fault injection tools inject faults into the software state of the application as it runs on a processor. Chapter 7 contains a description of the implemented swifi tool prototype. This masters thesis describes the design and implementation of a software implemented fault injection tool, which can be used to perform robustness testing on application software components in embedded systems based on the autosar standard architecture. A software implemented fault injection tool able to inject faults guaranteeing the nonintrusiveness and repeatability of the fault injection campaign is proposed. Software implemented fault injection for safetycritical. Injecting software vulnerabilities with voltage glitching. Our contribution is a comprehensive analysis of software implemented countermeasures against fault attacks. Software fault injection is a method to anticipate worstcase scenarios caused by faulty software through the deliberate injection of software faults. In order to improve the evaluation method, this paper make a study about bringing in software implemented fault injection technology, which inject fault inside the software artificially, the reliability and fault tolerance of software can be evaluated while the inside errors are activated.

Software implemented fault injection for autosar based systems 2 1. Quantifying the accuracy of highlevel fault injection. Described in this presentation is the design and implementation of a software implemented fault injection tool, which can be used to perform robustness testing on application software components in embedded systems based on the autosar standard. Described in this presentation is the design and implementation of a software implemented fault injection tool, which can be used to perform robustness testing on application software components in embedded systems based on the autosar standard architecture. Software based fault injection methods are divided into software implemented fault. Lecture dependable systems practical report software. The combination of these techniques allows the incorporation of new capabilities by the use of mechanisms to trigger and synchronize the injection of a. Compiletime injections it is a fault injection technique where source code is modified to inject simulated faults into a system. A study of software implemented fault tolerance in. Using fault injection to increase software test coverage. Existing approaches typically extend the operating system by special drivers or change the application under test. Choosing between hardware and software fault injection depends on the type of.

Fault injection is a software testing technique by introducing faults into the code for improving the coverage and usually used with stress testing for robustness of the developed software. Swifi techniques for software fault injection can be categorized into two types. Runtime fault injection technique uses a software trigger to inject a fault into a running software system. Fault injection testing in software can be performed using either compiletime or runtime injections. Software implemented fault injection is an established method to emulate hardware faults in computer systems. Fault injection involves the deliberate insertion of faults or errors into software in order to determine its response and to study its behaviour. From single to simultaneous software fault injections stefan winter, michael tretter, benjamin sattler, neeraj suri deeds group, dept. Modelimplemented fault injection for robustness assessment. This paper addresses the issue of characterizing the respective impact of fault injection techniques. A softwareimplemented fault injection methodology for design and. The springer international series in engineering and computer science office of naval research advanced book series, vol 283.

There is a great need for automated software implemented fault injection swifi tools to assist programmers and system designers with performance and dependability evaluation. The results reveal that fault injection on software models is e. By increasing complexity of cyberphysical systems, applying traditional fault injections methods are not efficient anymore, so tester trying to use fault injection in the model level. Swifi techniques for software fault injection can be categorized. The fault injection protocol is depicted in figure 3. Swifi is defined as software implemented fault injection rarely. Comprehensive analysis of software countermeasures against. The total application execution length is 76 clock cycles. Software reliability for business applications is becoming a topic of interest in the it community. Software based fault injection methods are divided into software implemented fault injections swifi and simulationbased fault injections. This approach is denoted by the authors as modelimplemented fault injection. Softwareimplemented fault injection how is software.

Software implemented hardware fault tolerance addresses the innovative topic of software implemented hardware fault tolerance sihft, i. Software implemented fault injection for autosar based systems november 5, 20 embedded staff. An effective method to validate and understand defect behaviour in a software application is fault injection. Implementation of fpga based fault injection tool fito for. Faults are injected randomly during these 76 cycles. Implementing assertion violation fault injection to demonstrate the proposed fault injection method, we extendedthecpatrolassertioninsertionsystem18 tosupport fault injection and built a visual x window system interface. In fact, for most fault models, additional code has to be run on the same processor that executes the application. Within the numerous fault injection approaches that have been proposed, there are two classifications of fault injection methods 2. Software implemented fault injection for autosar based systems. Weused multiple types of fault injections in vms to evaluate the isolation among vms and demonstrate the value of fault injection for vmm validation. This chapter addresses xception a software implemented fault injection tool.

We propose a novel approach where fault injection capabilities are added to the computer. Effective singleglitch attacks bilgiday yuce, nahid farhady ghalaty, harika santapuri, chinmay deshpande, conor patrick, patrick schaumont. The numerous fault injection approaches 6 have been introduced already. Software implemented fault injection for autosar based systems 3 chapter 6 contains the results from the analysis on which fault injection techniques are suitable to use in order to inject faults into autosar based systems. The concept of using software implemented fault injection swifi. Researchers and engineers have created many novel methods to inject faults, which can be implemented in both hardware and software. Study and analysis of defect amplification index in. We propose a novel approach where fault injection capabilities are added to the computer firmware. Citeseerx software implemented fault injection used for. Combining softwareimplemented and simulationbased fault. Challenges and opportunities with fault injection in. Fault injection method has become an attractive way of validating specific fault tolerance mechanisms and allowing the estimation of fault tolerant system measures 5, 6, according to the way of injecting faults and errors into target, these methods can be classified into two categories which are hardware and software implemented fault injections. Softwareimplemented fault injection listed as swifi. Those approaches can be divided into hardware based fault injection 7, 8 and software based fault injection 9, 10.

Abstract software implemented fault injection is an established method to emulate hardware faults in computer systems. Swifi softwareimplemented fault injection acronymfinder. Fault injection has been widely used for this purpose, however with the rapid increase in processor complexity, traditional techniques are also increasingly more difficult to apply. Softwareimplemented hardware fault tolerance addresses the innovative topic of softwareimplemented hardware fault tolerance sihft, i.

We envision providing a software implemented fault tolerance sift layer that executes on a network of heterogeneous nodes that are not inherently fault tolerant and provides fault tolerance services. An open and versatile faultinjection framework for. We simulated a variety of countermeasures while injecting random bit faults into registers and memory of a microcontroller simulator. It is the deliberate introduction of faults into a system, and the subsequent examination of the system for the errors and failures that result.

In table 2 are given results of a fault injection campaign in. How is software implemented fault injection abbreviated. Abstract fault injection is used to characterize the failure to validate and compare the fault tolerant mechanisms. Since such fault injection tools are used to conduct experiments on applications executing natively on a processor, the experiments can be carried out at almost the same speed as the application execution and can be run. Second, mafia can be used to break known software countermeasures against fault injection. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. It is the sad truth that no matter how good a programmer you are all software systems will contain faults and be exposed to faults from the environment. In this paper we propose a distributed software implemented fault injection framework based on the mobile agent approach. There is a great need for automated software implemented fault injection swifi tools to assist programmers and system designers with. Softwareimplemented fault injection of transient hardware. Nonintrusive softwareimplemented fault injection in embedded.

Pdf a softwareimplemented fault injection methodology. Combining results of accelerated radiation tests and fault. Software fault injection for software certification. These changes can be implemented by making modifications or mutations to the existing code, such as altering a line of code to represent a different value. Abstract software implemented fault injection swifi is an established experimental technique to evaluate the robustness of. Our results give an insight into effectiveness and performance of these protective software modules and are. From single to simultaneous software fault injections article simfi. Three physical techniques and one software implemented technique that have been used to assess the fault tolerance features of the mars fault tolerant. Abstractsoftwareimplemented fault injection swifi is an established experimental technique to evaluate the robustness of. Web service based software implemented fault injection scialert.